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Summary of 18 U.S. Code § 242
Overview
18 U.S.C. § 242 makes it a federal crime for anyone acting under the authority of law (such as police officers, judges, or other public officials) to willfully deprive a person of rights protected by the U.S. Constitution and federal laws.
Key Elements
Acting Under Color of Law: The offender must use their official authority to commit the act.
Willful Deprivation: The act must be intentional and purposeful.
Protected Rights: The statute safeguards rights related to race, color, religion, sex, national origin, and alienage, among others.
Penalties
Basic violations can result in fines and imprisonment for up to one year.
If bodily injury or death occurs, imprisonment can extend up to 10 years or life.
Defense Strategies
Lack of Willfulness: Arguing the defendant did not intentionally violate rights.
Mistake of Fact: Claiming the defendant believed they were acting within their authority.
Relevant Statutes
42 U.S.C. § 1983: Civil action for deprivation of rights.
42 U.S.C. § 1981: Equal rights under the law.
42 U.S.C. § 14141: Addresses patterns or practices of civil rights violations.
This text provides a comprehensive overview of the legal framework and implications of 18 U.S.C. § 242.
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